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Boris Abramovich Gelfand ((ベラルーシ語:Барыс Абрамавіч Гельфанд); (ヘブライ語:בוריס אברמוביץ' גלפנד); born 24 June 1968) is an Israeli chess Grandmaster. A six-time World Championship Candidate (1991, 1994-95, 2002, 2007, 2011, 2013), he won the Chess World Cup 2009 and the 2011 Candidates Tournament, making him Challenger for the World Chess Championship 2012. Although the match with defending champion Viswanathan Anand finished level at 6–6, Gelfand lost the deciding rapid tie break 3-1.〔(Israeli grandmaster Gelfand loses World Chess Championship ) Haaretz.com Eli Shvidler Published 2 April 2008〕 Gelfand has won major tournaments at Wijk aan Zee, Tilburg, Moscow, Linares and Dos Hermanas. He has competed in eleven Chess Olympiads and has held a place within the top 30 players ranked by FIDE rating since January 1990. == Early years == Boris Gelfand was born in Minsk, Belarussian SSR, on 24 June 1968. His parents, Abram and Nella, were engineers. His father bought him a book about chess, ''Journey to the Chess Kingdom'', by Averbakh and Beilin, when he was five years old.〔(Boris Gelfand: "A person should try to achieve maximum success in his business" ) ChessPro.ru Accessed 20 June 2015〕 Recognised as a talent, Gelfand's first coach from 1974 to 1979 was Eduard Zelkind. Soon after he studied under Tamara Golovey for two years and IM Albert Kapengut for twelve. In 1980–83, he attended the Tigran Petrosian School. Early successes included winning the Sokolsky Memorial in 1983 and consecutive Belarusian Chess Championships in 1984-5. In 1985 he won the USSR Junior Championship scoring 9/11 and came second to Yury Balashov in the 1986 Minsk International.〔(Minsk International 1986 ) Chessmetrics Accessed 27 September 2014〕 In the July 1987 FIDE rating list, Gelfand made his first appearance in the top 100 players, ranked number 80.〔(July 1987 FIDE Rating List ) FIDE lists. Accessed 26 September 2014〕 He became European Junior Champion in 1987, shared second at the USSR Young Masters held in Uzhgorod and shared sixth place at a USSR Championship qualifier event in Sverdlovsk in 1987 with 10/17. Gelfand's successes saw him ranked in the world's top 40 players. After sharing first place in the USSR Young Masters tournament of 1988 in Vilnius and the OHRA B Group in Amsterdam,〔(OHRA-B Amsterdam July 1988 ) Chessmetrics Accessed 10 October 2014〕 he came second in the World Junior Championship to Joël Lautier on tiebreaks and shared first with Sergey Dolmatov at the Klaipeda USSR Championship qualifier. Gelfand jointly won the European Junior title with Alexey Dreev in December 1988, won the Barcza Memorial held in Debrecen, Hungary, with 7/10 and led the Belarus team to third place in the USSR Juniors Team Championship at Kramatorsk.〔(EU U20s Championship, Arnhem 1988 ) Chessmetrics Accessed 10 October 2014〕〔(Debrecen 1989 ) Chessmetrics Accessed 10 October 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Boris Gelfand」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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